Family Landscapes is associated with which practitioner?

• A. Doris Arrington
• B. Robert Burns
• C. Murray Bowen
• D. Virginia Satir

Answer: (A)

Family Landscapes uses a visual metaphor to map how family members relate and interact within a setting, helping clients externalize patterns of closeness, distance, boundaries, and intergenerational influence. By placing family figures and dynamics into a landscape—hills, rivers, borders—the therapist helps clients see how loyalties, conflicts, and communication flow shape current functioning, making it easier to discuss and rework those patterns. Doris Arrington is the practitioner most closely associated with this technique, which is why the item points to her. The other figures are known for different approaches—Murray Bowen for genograms and differentiation, Virginia Satir for family sculpting and the Satir model, and Robert Burns is not linked to this method.